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|
Fractions
|
IC50 (μg/mL)a
|
Yields (%)c
|
|---|
|
ICAM-1b
|
VCAM-1b
|
|---|
|
Ethanolic extract
|
7.25 ± 0.53
|
6.67 ± 0.31
|
100 ± 5.2
|
|
n-Hexane
|
4.55 ± 0.52
|
3.61 ± 0.22
|
66.1 ± 4.3
|
|
Ethyl acetate
|
2.29 ± 0.13
|
4.53 ± 0.28
|
9.23 ± 1.2
|
|
n-Butanol
|
≥ 100
|
≥ 100
|
17.5 ± 1.9
|
|
Water
|
≥ 100
|
≥ 100
|
8.12 ± 1.4
|
- aIC50 is calculated to be concentrations with a half-maximal expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in TNF-α-stimulated HUVECs
- bThe expression of levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were determined with Western blot
- cYield is showing the amount of each fraction in 100 g of ethanolic extract